Closes #124

- Enable physical expansion of a Datacenter by
  adding new Hosts (PMs) before or after simulation start.
- Introduce the Datacenter.addHost() and addHostList methods to enable creating new Hosts
  before or after starting the simulation.
- Introduce the DynamicHostCreation example to demonstrate
  the dynamic creation of Hosts.
- Refactor DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple class
- Stop requiring the creation of a DatacenterCharacteristics
  object to pass to a Datacenter constructor.
  Now a DatacenterCharacteristics object is created
  internally in the DatacenterSimple class.
- Change the signature of Datacenter classes to
  accept a Host List instead of a DatacenterCharacteristics
  object.
- Remove deprecated Datacenter constructors.
- Update all examples to use the new Datacenter constructors.
Signed-off-by: Manoel Campos <manoelcampos@gmail.com>

README.md

@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ CloudSim Plus provides a lot of exclusive features, ranging from the most basic
     - definition of the time when an idle VM should be destroyed ([#99](https://github.com/manoelcampos/cloudsim-plus/issues/99));
     - sorting of requests to create submitted VMs and Cloudlets, defining priorities to create such objects ([#102](https://github.com/manoelcampos/cloudsim-plus/issues/102)). 
 1. [Host Fault Injection Mechanism](/cloudsim-plus-examples/src/main/java/org/cloudsimplus/examples/HostFaultInjectionExample1.java) to enable injection of random failures into Hosts PEs: it injects failures into Host PEs and reallocates working PEs to running VMs. When all PEs from a Host fail, it starts clones of failed VMs to recovery from failure. This way, it is simulated the instantiation of VM snapshots into different Hosts ([#81](https://github.com/manoelcampos/cloudsim-plus/issues/81)).
+1. [Creation of Hosts at Simulation Runtime](/cloudsim-plus-examples/src/main/java/org/cloudsimplus/examples/dynamic/DynamicHostCreation.java) to enable physical expansion of Datacenter capacity ([#124](https://github.com/manoelcampos/cloudsim-plus/issues/124)).
 
 # Project's Structure
 
@@ -194,9 +195,7 @@ host0.setRamProvisioner(new ResourceProvisionerSimple())
 hostList.add(host0);
 
 //Creates a Datacenter with a list of Hosts.
-DatacenterCharacteristics characts = new DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple(hostList);
-VmAllocationPolicy vmAllocationPolicy = new VmAllocationPolicySimple();
-Datacenter dc0 = new DatacenterSimple(cloudsim, characts, vmAllocationPolicy);
+Datacenter dc0 = new DatacenterSimple(cloudsim, hostList, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
 
 //Creates VMs to run applications.
 List<Vm> vmList = new ArrayList<>(1);
@@ -309,15 +308,13 @@ Cloudlet cloudlet = new CloudletSimple(required, parameters, here);
 The method `setBrokerId(int userId)` from `Vm` and `Cloudlet` were refactored to `setBroker(DatacenterBroker broker)`,
 now requiring a `DatacenterBroker` instead of just an int ID which may be even nonexistent.
 
-A `DatacenterCharacteristics` now requires just the list of hosts. All the other parameters (such as costs) are optional.
-A `VmAllocationPolicy` doesn't require any parameter anymore. A `Datacenter` doesn't require a name, storage list and scheduling interval too.
+You don't need to explicitly create a `DatacenterCharacteristics` anymore. Such object is created internally when a `Datacenter` is created.
+A `VmAllocationPolicy` doesn't require any parameter at all. A `Datacenter` doesn't require a name, storage list and scheduling interval too.
 The name will be automatically defined. It and all the other parameter can be set further using the respective setter methods.
-Now it is just required a `CloudSim`, a `DatacenterCharacteristics` and a `VmAllocationPolicy` instance.
+Now it is just required a `CloudSim`, a `Host` list and a `VmAllocationPolicy` instance.
 
 ```java
-DatacenterCharacteristics characts = new DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple(hostList);
-VmAllocationPolicy vmAllocationPolicy = new VmAllocationPolicySimple();
-Datacenter datacenter0 = new DatacenterSimple(cloudsim, characts, vmAllocationPolicy);
+Datacenter dc0 = new DatacenterSimple(cloudsim, hostList, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
 ```
 
 The way you instantiate a host has changed too. The classes `RamProvisionerSimple` and `BwProvisionerSimple` don't exist anymore. Now you just have the generic class `ResourceProvisionerSimple` and you can just use its default no-args constructor. RAM and bandwidth capacity of the host now are given in the constructor, as it already was for storage. A `VmScheduler` constructor doesn't require any parameter. You don't need to set an ID for each Host, since

cloudsim-plus-benchmarks/pom.xml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
     <groupId>org.cloudsimplus</groupId>
     <artifactId>cloudsim-plus-benchmarks</artifactId>
-    <version>1.2.7</version>
+    <version>1.3.0</version>
     <name>CloudSim Plus Benchmarks</name>
     <description>A module containing benchmarks created using JMH (Java Microbenchmark Harness framework) to assess CloudSim Plus performance</description>
     <url>http://cloudsimplus.org</url>

cloudsim-plus-examples/pom.xml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
     <groupId>org.cloudsimplus</groupId>
     <artifactId>cloudsim-plus-examples</artifactId>
-    <version>1.2.7</version>
+    <version>1.3.0</version>
     <name>CloudSim Plus Examples</name>
     <description>
         Ready-to-run examples of how to use CloudSim Plus API.

cloudsim-plus-examples/src/main/java/org/cloudbus/cloudsim/examples/CloudSimExample0.java

@@ -102,8 +102,7 @@ public class CloudSimExample0 {
             hostList.add(host);
         }
 
-        DatacenterCharacteristics characteristics = new DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple(hostList);
-        return new DatacenterSimple(simulation, characteristics, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+        return new DatacenterSimple(simulation, hostList, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
     }
 
     private Host createHost() {

cloudsim-plus-examples/src/main/java/org/cloudbus/cloudsim/examples/CloudSimExample1.java

@@ -162,24 +162,9 @@ public class CloudSimExample1 {
 
         hostList.add(host);
 
-        // 5. Create a DatacenterCharacteristics object that stores the
-        // properties of a data center: architecture, OS, list of
-        // Machines, allocation policy: time- or space-shared, time zone
-        // and its price (G$/Pe time unit).
-        double cost = 3.0; // the cost of using processing in this resource
-        double costPerMem = 0.05; // the cost of using memory in this resource
-        double costPerStorage = 0.001; // the cost of using storage in this Datacenter
-        double costPerBw = 0.0; // the cost of using bw in this resource
-
-        DatacenterCharacteristics characteristics =
-            new DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple(hostList)
-                .setCostPerSecond(cost)
-                .setCostPerMem(costPerMem)
-                .setCostPerStorage(costPerStorage)
-                .setCostPerBw(costPerBw);
 
         // 6. Finally, we need to create a DatacenterSimple object.
-        return new DatacenterSimple(simulation, characteristics, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+        return new DatacenterSimple(simulation, hostList, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
     }
 
 }

cloudsim-plus-examples/src/main/java/org/cloudbus/cloudsim/examples/CloudSimExample2.java

@@ -172,26 +172,11 @@ public class CloudSimExample2 {
 
         hostList.add(host);
 
-        // 5. Create a DatacenterCharacteristics object that stores the
-        //    properties of a data center: architecture, OS, list of
-        //    Machines, allocation policy: time- or space-shared, time zone
-        //    and its price (G$/Pe time unit).
-        double cost = 3.0;              // the cost of using processing in this resource
-        double costPerMem = 0.05;		// the cost of using memory in this resource
-        double costPerStorage = 0.001;	// the cost of using storage in this resource
-        double costPerBw = 0.0;			// the cost of using bw in this resource
-
-        DatacenterCharacteristics characteristics =
-            new DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple(hostList)
-                .setCostPerSecond(cost)
-                .setCostPerMem(costPerMem)
-                .setCostPerStorage(costPerStorage)
-                .setCostPerBw(costPerBw);
-
         // 6. Finally, we need to create a DatacenterSimple object.
-        DatacenterSimple datacenter = new DatacenterSimple(simulation, characteristics, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
-        datacenter.setSchedulingInterval(1);
-        return datacenter;
+        DatacenterSimple dc = new DatacenterSimple(simulation, hostList, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+        dc.setSchedulingInterval(1);
+
+        return dc;
     }
 
 }

cloudsim-plus-examples/src/main/java/org/cloudbus/cloudsim/examples/CloudSimExample3.java

@@ -181,24 +181,9 @@ public class CloudSimExample3 {
             .setVmScheduler(new VmSchedulerTimeShared());
         hostList.add(host1);
 
-        // 5. Create a DatacenterCharacteristics object that stores the
-        //    properties of a data center: architecture, OS, list of
-        //    Machines, allocation policy: time- or space-shared, time zone
-        //    and its price (G$/Pe time unit).
-        double cost = 3.0;              // the cost of using processing in this resource
-        double costPerMem = 0.05;		// the cost of using memory in this resource
-        double costPerStorage = 0.001;	// the cost of using storage in this resource
-        double costPerBw = 0.0;			// the cost of using bw in this resource
-
-        DatacenterCharacteristics characteristics =
-            new DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple(hostList)
-                .setCostPerSecond(cost)
-                .setCostPerMem(costPerMem)
-                .setCostPerStorage(costPerStorage)
-                .setCostPerBw(costPerBw);
 
         // 6. Finally, we need to create a DatacenterSimple object.
-        return new DatacenterSimple(simulation, characteristics, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+        return new DatacenterSimple(simulation, hostList, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
     }
 
 }

cloudsim-plus-examples/src/main/java/org/cloudbus/cloudsim/examples/CloudSimExample4.java

@@ -171,24 +171,15 @@ public class CloudSimExample4 {
             .setVmScheduler(new VmSchedulerSpaceShared());
         hostList.add(host);
 
-        // 5. Create a DatacenterCharacteristics object that stores the
-        //    properties of a data center: architecture, OS, list of
-        //    Machines, allocation policy: time- or space-shared, time zone
-        //    and its price (G$/Pe time unit).
-        double cost = 3.0;              // the cost of using processing in this resource
-        double costPerMem = 0.05;		// the cost of using memory in this resource
-        double costPerStorage = 0.001;	// the cost of using storage in this resource
-        double costPerBw = 0.0;			// the cost of using bw in this resource
-
-        DatacenterCharacteristics characteristics =
-            new DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple(hostList)
-                .setCostPerSecond(cost)
-                .setCostPerMem(costPerMem)
-                .setCostPerStorage(costPerStorage)
-                .setCostPerBw(costPerBw);
-
         // 6. Finally, we need to create a DatacenterSimple object.
-        return new DatacenterSimple(simulation, characteristics, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+        DatacenterSimple dc = new DatacenterSimple(simulation, hostList, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+        dc.getCharacteristics()
+            .setCostPerSecond(3.0)
+            .setCostPerMem(0.05)
+            .setCostPerStorage(0.1)
+            .setCostPerBw(0.1);
+
+        return dc;
     }
 
 }

cloudsim-plus-examples/src/main/java/org/cloudbus/cloudsim/examples/CloudSimExample5.java

@@ -176,24 +176,15 @@ public class CloudSimExample5 {
             .setVmScheduler(new VmSchedulerSpaceShared());
         hostList.add(host);
 
-        // 5. Create a DatacenterCharacteristics object that stores the
-        //    properties of a data center: architecture, OS, list of
-        //    Machines, allocation policy: time- or space-shared, time zone
-        //    and its price (G$/Pe time unit).
-        double cost = 3.0;              // the cost of using processing in this resource
-        double costPerMem = 0.05;		// the cost of using memory in this resource
-        double costPerStorage = 0.001;	// the cost of using storage in this resource
-        double costPerBw = 0.0;			// the cost of using bw in this resource
-
-        DatacenterCharacteristics characteristics =
-            new DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple(hostList)
-                .setCostPerSecond(cost)
-                .setCostPerMem(costPerMem)
-                .setCostPerStorage(costPerStorage)
-                .setCostPerBw(costPerBw);
-
         // 6. Finally, we need to create a DatacenterSimple object.
-        return new DatacenterSimple(simulation, characteristics, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+        DatacenterSimple dc = new DatacenterSimple(simulation, hostList, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+        dc.getCharacteristics()
+            .setCostPerSecond(3.0)
+            .setCostPerMem(0.05)
+            .setCostPerStorage(0.1)
+            .setCostPerBw(0.1);
+
+        return dc;
     }
 
 }

cloudsim-plus-examples/src/main/java/org/cloudbus/cloudsim/examples/CloudSimExample6.java

@@ -176,24 +176,15 @@ public class CloudSimExample6 {
         hostList.add(host2);
 
 
-        // 5. Create a DatacenterCharacteristics object that stores the
-        //    properties of a data center: architecture, OS, list of
-        //    Machines, allocation policy: time- or space-shared, time zone
-        //    and its price (G$/Pe time unit).
-        double cost = 3.0;              // the cost of using processing in this resource
-        double costPerMem = 0.05;		// the cost of using memory in this resource
-        double costPerStorage = 0.1;	// the cost of using storage in this resource
-        double costPerBw = 0.1;			// the cost of using bw in this resource
-
-        DatacenterCharacteristics characteristics =
-            new DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple(hostList)
-                .setCostPerSecond(cost)
-                .setCostPerMem(costPerMem)
-                .setCostPerStorage(costPerStorage)
-                .setCostPerBw(costPerBw);
 
         // 6. Finally, we need to create a DatacenterSimple object.
-        return new DatacenterSimple(simulation, characteristics, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+        DatacenterSimple dc = new DatacenterSimple(simulation, hostList, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+        dc.getCharacteristics()
+            .setCostPerSecond(3.0)
+            .setCostPerMem(0.05)
+            .setCostPerStorage(0.1)
+            .setCostPerBw(0.1);
+        return dc;
     }
 
 }

cloudsim-plus-examples/src/main/java/org/cloudbus/cloudsim/examples/network/NetworkExample1.java

@@ -166,24 +166,8 @@ public class NetworkExample1 {
             .setVmScheduler(new VmSchedulerTimeShared());
         hostList.add(host);
 
-        // 5. Create a DatacenterCharacteristics object that stores the
-        //    properties of a data center: architecture, OS, list of
-        //    Machines, allocation policy: time- or space-shared, time zone
-        //    and its price (G$/Pe time unit).
-        double cost = 3.0;              // the cost of using processing in this resource
-        double costPerMem = 0.05;		// the cost of using memory in this resource
-        double costPerStorage = 0.001;	// the cost of using storage in this resource
-        double costPerBw = 0.0;			// the cost of using bw in this resource
-
-        DatacenterCharacteristics characteristics =
-            new DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple(hostList)
-                .setCostPerSecond(cost)
-                .setCostPerMem(costPerMem)
-                .setCostPerStorage(costPerStorage)
-                .setCostPerBw(costPerBw);
-
         // 6. Finally, we need to create a DatacenterSimple object.
-        return new DatacenterSimple(simulation, characteristics, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+        return new DatacenterSimple(simulation, hostList, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
     }
 
     //We strongly encourage users to develop their own broker policies, to submit vms and cloudlets according

cloudsim-plus-examples/src/main/java/org/cloudbus/cloudsim/examples/network/NetworkExample2.java

@@ -189,24 +189,8 @@ public class NetworkExample2 {
             .setVmScheduler(new VmSchedulerTimeShared());
         hostList.add(host);
 
-        // 5. Create a DatacenterCharacteristics object that stores the
-        //    properties of a data center: architecture, OS, list of
-        //    Machines, allocation policy: time- or space-shared, time zone
-        //    and its price (G$/Pe time unit).
-        double cost = 3.0;              // the cost of using processing in this resource
-        double costPerMem = 0.05;		// the cost of using memory in this resource
-        double costPerStorage = 0.001;	// the cost of using storage in this resource
-        double costPerBw = 0.0;			// the cost of using bw in this resource
-
-        DatacenterCharacteristics characteristics =
-            new DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple(hostList)
-                .setCostPerSecond(cost)
-                .setCostPerMem(costPerMem)
-                .setCostPerStorage(costPerStorage)
-                .setCostPerBw(costPerBw);
-
         // 6. Finally, we need to create a DatacenterSimple object.
-        return new DatacenterSimple(simulation, characteristics, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+        return new DatacenterSimple(simulation, hostList, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
     }
 
     //We strongly encourage users to develop their own broker policies, to submit vms and cloudlets according

cloudsim-plus-examples/src/main/java/org/cloudbus/cloudsim/examples/network/NetworkExample3.java

@@ -202,24 +202,8 @@ public class NetworkExample3 {
             .setVmScheduler(new VmSchedulerSpaceShared());
         hostList.add(host);
 
-        // 5. Create a DatacenterCharacteristics object that stores the
-        //    properties of a data center: architecture, OS, list of
-        //    Machines, allocation policy: time- or space-shared, time zone
-        //    and its price (G$/Pe time unit).
-        double cost = 3.0;              // the cost of using processing in this resource
-        double costPerMem = 0.05;		// the cost of using memory in this resource
-        double costPerStorage = 0.001;	// the cost of using storage in this resource
-        double costPerBw = 0.0;			// the cost of using bw in this resource
-
-        DatacenterCharacteristics characteristics =
-            new DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple(hostList)
-                .setCostPerSecond(cost)
-                .setCostPerMem(costPerMem)
-                .setCostPerStorage(costPerStorage)
-                .setCostPerBw(costPerBw);
-
         // 6. Finally, we need to create a DatacenterSimple object.
-        return new DatacenterSimple(simulation, characteristics, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+        return new DatacenterSimple(simulation, hostList, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
     }
 
     //We strongly encourage users to develop their own broker policies, to submit vms and cloudlets according

cloudsim-plus-examples/src/main/java/org/cloudbus/cloudsim/examples/network/NetworkExample4.java

@@ -157,25 +157,16 @@ public class NetworkExample4 {
             .setBwProvisioner(new ResourceProvisionerSimple())
             .setVmScheduler(new VmSchedulerTimeShared());
         hostList.add(host);
-
-        // 5. Create a DatacenterCharacteristics object that stores the
-        //    properties of a data center: architecture, OS, list of
-        //    Machines, allocation policy: time- or space-shared, time zone
-        //    and its price (G$/Pe time unit).
-        double cost = 3.0;              // the cost of using processing in this resource
-        double costPerMem = 0.05;		// the cost of using memory in this resource
-        double costPerStorage = 0.001;	// the cost of using storage in this resource
-        double costPerBw = 0.0;			// the cost of using bw in this resource
-
-        DatacenterCharacteristics characteristics =
-            new DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple(hostList)
-                .setCostPerSecond(cost)
-                .setCostPerMem(costPerMem)
-                .setCostPerStorage(costPerStorage)
-                .setCostPerBw(costPerBw);
-
+        
         // 6. Finally, we need to create a DatacenterSimple object.
-        return new DatacenterSimple(simulation, characteristics, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+        DatacenterSimple dc = new DatacenterSimple(simulation, hostList, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+        dc.getCharacteristics()
+            .setCostPerSecond(3.0)
+            .setCostPerMem(0.05)
+            .setCostPerStorage(0.1)
+            .setCostPerBw(0.1);
+
+        return dc;
     }
 
     //We strongly encourage users to develop their own broker policies, to submit vms and cloudlets according

cloudsim-plus-examples/src/main/java/org/cloudbus/cloudsim/examples/network/applications/NetworkVmExampleAbstract.java

@@ -167,24 +167,19 @@ abstract class NetworkVmExampleAbstract {
             hostList.add(host);
         }
 
-        // 5. Create a DatacenterCharacteristics object that stores the
-        // properties of a data center: architecture, OS, list of
-        // Machines, allocation policy: time- or space-shared, time zone
-        // and its price (G$/Pe time unit).
-        DatacenterCharacteristics characteristics =
-                new DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple(hostList)
-                    .setCostPerSecond(COST)
-                    .setCostPerMem(COST_PER_MEM)
-                    .setCostPerStorage(COST_PER_STORAGE)
-                    .setCostPerBw(COST_PER_BW);
         // 6. Finally, we need to create a NetworkDatacenter object.
-        NetworkDatacenter newDatacenter =
+        NetworkDatacenter dc =
                 new NetworkDatacenter(
-                        simulation, characteristics, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
-        newDatacenter.setSchedulingInterval(5);
-
-        createNetwork(newDatacenter);
-        return newDatacenter;
+                        simulation, hostList, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+        dc.setSchedulingInterval(5);
+        dc.getCharacteristics()
+            .setCostPerSecond(COST)
+            .setCostPerMem(COST_PER_MEM)
+            .setCostPerStorage(COST_PER_STORAGE)
+            .setCostPerBw(COST_PER_BW);
+
+        createNetwork(dc);
+        return dc;
     }
 
     public List<Pe> createPEs(final int numberOfPEs, final long mips) {
@@ -240,7 +235,7 @@ abstract class NetworkVmExampleAbstract {
     }
 
     private List<Host> getDatacenterHostList() {
-        return datacenter.getCharacteristics().getHostList();
+        return datacenter.getHostList();
     }
 
     /**

cloudsim-plus-examples/src/main/java/org/cloudbus/cloudsim/examples/network/applications/NetworkVmsExample1.java

@@ -38,12 +38,6 @@ import org.cloudbus.cloudsim.utilizationmodels.UtilizationModelFull;
  * @author Manoel Campos da Silva Filho
  */
 public class NetworkVmsExample1 {
-
-    private static final double COST = 3.0; // the cost of using processing in this resource
-    private static final double COST_PER_MEM = 0.05; // the cost of using memory in this resource
-    private static final double COST_PER_STORAGE = 0.001; // the cost of using storage in this resource
-    private static final double COST_PER_BW = 0.0; // the cost of using bw in this resource
-
     private static final int NUMBER_OF_HOSTS = 2;
     private static final int HOST_MIPS = 1000;
     private static final int HOST_PES = 4;
@@ -118,15 +112,8 @@ public class NetworkVmsExample1 {
             hostList.add(host);
         }
 
-        DatacenterCharacteristics characteristics
-                = new DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple(hostList)
-                        .setCostPerSecond(COST)
-                        .setCostPerMem(COST_PER_MEM)
-                        .setCostPerStorage(COST_PER_STORAGE)
-                        .setCostPerBw(COST_PER_BW);
-
         NetworkDatacenter newDatacenter
-                = new NetworkDatacenter(simulation, characteristics, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+                = new NetworkDatacenter(simulation, hostList, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
         newDatacenter.setSchedulingInterval(5);
 
         createNetwork(newDatacenter);

cloudsim-plus-examples/src/main/java/org/cloudbus/cloudsim/examples/power/util/Helper.java

@@ -165,24 +165,20 @@ public final class Helper {
         Class<? extends Datacenter> datacenterClass,
         List<PowerHost> hostList,
         VmAllocationPolicy vmAllocationPolicy) throws Exception {
-        double cost = 3.0; // the cost of using processing in this resource
-        double costPerMem = 0.05; // the cost of using memory in this resource
-        double costPerStorage = 0.001; // the cost of using storage in this resource
-        double costPerBw = 0.0; // the cost of using bw in this resource
-
-        DatacenterCharacteristics characteristics =
-            new DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple(hostList)
-                .setCostPerSecond(cost)
-                .setCostPerMem(costPerMem)
-                .setCostPerStorage(costPerStorage)
-                .setCostPerBw(costPerBw);
-
-        Constructor<? extends Datacenter> construct = datacenterClass.getConstructor(CloudSim.class,
-            DatacenterCharacteristics.class,
-            VmAllocationPolicy.class);
-
-        Datacenter datacenter = construct.newInstance(simulation, characteristics, vmAllocationPolicy);
-        return datacenter.setSchedulingInterval(Constants.SCHEDULING_INTERVAL);
+
+        Constructor<? extends Datacenter> construct =
+            datacenterClass.getConstructor(
+                CloudSim.class,
+                List.class,
+                VmAllocationPolicy.class);
+
+        Datacenter dc = construct.newInstance(simulation, hostList, vmAllocationPolicy);
+        dc.getCharacteristics()
+                .setCostPerSecond(3.0)
+                .setCostPerMem(0.05)
+                .setCostPerStorage(0.001)
+                .setCostPerBw(0.0);
+        return dc.setSchedulingInterval(Constants.SCHEDULING_INTERVAL);
     }
 
     /**

cloudsim-plus-examples/src/main/java/org/cloudsimplus/examples/BasicFirstExample.java

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ import java.util.List;
  * A minimal but organized, structured and re-usable CloudSim Plus example
  * which shows good coding practices for creating simulation scenarios.
  *
- * <p>It defines a set of constants that enable a developer
+ * <p>It defines a set of constants that enables a developer
  * to change the number of Hosts, VMs and Cloudlets to create
  * and the number of {@link Pe}s for Hosts, VMs and Cloudlets.</p>
  *
@@ -112,8 +112,7 @@ public class BasicFirstExample {
             hostList.add(host);
         }
 
-        DatacenterCharacteristics characteristics = new DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple(hostList);
-        final Datacenter dc = new DatacenterSimple(simulation, characteristics, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+        final Datacenter dc = new DatacenterSimple(simulation, hostList, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
         return dc;
     }
 

cloudsim-plus-examples/src/main/java/org/cloudsimplus/examples/CloudletCancellationExample.java

@@ -144,8 +144,7 @@ public class CloudletCancellationExample {
             hostList.add(host);
         }
 
-        DatacenterCharacteristics characteristics = new DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple(hostList);
-        final Datacenter dc = new DatacenterSimple(simulation, characteristics, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+        final Datacenter dc = new DatacenterSimple(simulation, hostList, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
         dc.setSchedulingInterval(SCHEDULING_INTERVAL);
         return dc;
     }

cloudsim-plus-examples/src/main/java/org/cloudsimplus/examples/CloudletSchedulerSpaceSharedExample1.java

@@ -114,8 +114,7 @@ public class CloudletSchedulerSpaceSharedExample1 {
             hostList.add(host);
         }
 
-        DatacenterCharacteristics characteristics = new DatacenterCharacteristicsSimple(hostList);
-        final Datacenter dc = new DatacenterSimple(simulation, characteristics, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
+        final Datacenter dc = new DatacenterSimple(simulation, hostList, new VmAllocationPolicySimple());
         return dc;
     }